Bible dictionary
The key people, places and concepts of the Bible — each with its Chinese name, pinyin, a short definition and the verses where it appears. Tap any entry to explore it.
People
耶稣JesusYēsūThe central figure of the New Testament: Jesus of Nazareth, believed by Christians to be the Messiah and the Son of God, whose death and resurrection bring salvation.神GodShénThe supreme being and creator of all things. In Chinese Bibles rendered 神 (Shén) or 上帝 (Shàngdì) depending on the edition.圣灵Holy SpiritShènglíngThe third person of the Trinity — God's Spirit, who empowers, guides and dwells within believers.摩西MosesMóxīThe prophet who led Israel out of slavery in Egypt and received the Law, including the Ten Commandments, at Mount Sinai.亚伯拉罕AbrahamYàbólāhǎnThe patriarch God called to leave his home and promised to make into a great nation; the father of faith for Jews, Christians and Muslims.大卫DavidDàwèiThe shepherd boy who killed Goliath and became Israel's greatest king; traditional author of many Psalms and ancestor of Jesus.所罗门SolomonSuǒluóménDavid's son, king of Israel, famed for his God-given wisdom and for building the first temple in Jerusalem.亚当AdamYàdāngThe first man, created by God; with Eve, the first human and the one through whom sin entered the world.夏娃EveXiàwáThe first woman, made by God as a companion for Adam; the mother of all the living.挪亚NoahNuóyàThe righteous man God spared from the great flood, instructing him to build an ark to save his family and the animals.马利亚MaryMǎlìyàThe mother of Jesus, a young woman of Nazareth who conceived by the Holy Spirit.彼得PeterBǐdéA fisherman who became a leading apostle of Jesus; outspoken, he denied Jesus three times yet became a pillar of the early church.保罗PaulBǎoluóOnce a persecutor of Christians, dramatically converted on the road to Damascus; the apostle who spread the gospel across the Roman world and wrote much of the New Testament.约翰John the ApostleYuēhànOne of Jesus' twelve apostles, the "disciple whom Jesus loved"; traditionally credited with the Gospel of John, three letters and Revelation.约瑟JosephYuēsèJacob's favored son, sold into slavery by his brothers, who rose to rule Egypt and saved his family from famine.以撒IsaacYǐsāThe son of promise born to Abraham and Sarah in their old age; father of Jacob and Esau.雅各JacobYǎgèIsaac's son, renamed Israel by God; father of the twelve sons whose descendants became the twelve tribes of Israel.约书亚JoshuaYuēshūyàMoses' successor who led Israel into the Promised Land, famous for the fall of Jericho.以利亚ElijahYǐlìyàA bold prophet who confronted idolatry, called down fire from heaven on Mount Carmel, and was taken up in a whirlwind.以赛亚IsaiahYǐsàiyàA major prophet whose book contains some of the clearest Old Testament prophecies of the Messiah.但以理DanielDànyǐlǐA faithful exile in Babylon, famous for surviving the lions' den and for visions of God's coming kingdom.约伯JobYuēbóA righteous man who lost everything yet kept his faith; his story wrestles with the question of why the innocent suffer.撒母耳SamuelSāmǔ'ěrThe last judge and a prophet of Israel, who anointed both Saul and David as king.施洗约翰John the BaptistShīxǐ YuēhànThe prophet who prepared the way for Jesus, calling people to repentance and baptizing Jesus in the Jordan.犹大Judas IscariotYóudàThe disciple who betrayed Jesus to the authorities for thirty pieces of silver.撒但SatanSādànThe adversary of God and tempter of humanity, also called the devil.法老PharaohFǎlǎoThe title of Egypt's kings; in Exodus, the ruler who refused to free the Israelites until the ten plagues.扫罗Saul (King)SǎoluóIsrael's first king, anointed by Samuel; his disobedience led God to choose David in his place.路得RuthLùdéA Moabite widow whose loyalty to her mother-in-law led her to Israel, where she became an ancestor of King David.以斯帖EstherYǐsītiēA Jewish queen of Persia who risked her life to save her people from destruction.
Places
耶路撒冷JerusalemYēlùsālěngThe holy city of Israel, site of the temple and of Jesus' death and resurrection; central to both Old and New Testaments.伯利恒BethlehemBólìhéngThe town south of Jerusalem where King David was born and, centuries later, where Jesus was born.拿撒勒NazarethNásālèThe Galilean town where Jesus grew up; he is often called Jesus of Nazareth.埃及EgyptĀijíThe empire where Israel was enslaved for centuries before the Exodus; also a refuge at several points in the Bible.加利利GalileeJiālìlìThe northern region of Israel where Jesus spent most of his ministry and called his first disciples.巴比伦BabylonBābǐlúnThe empire that conquered Judah and exiled its people; later a biblical symbol of worldly pride opposed to God.伊甸园Garden of EdenYīdiànyuánThe garden God planted as humanity's first home, from which Adam and Eve were expelled after the first sin.西奈Mount SinaiXīnàiThe mountain where God gave Moses the Law and made his covenant with Israel.约旦河Jordan RiverYuēdànhéThe river Israel crossed to enter the Promised Land and where Jesus was baptized by John.锡安ZionXī'ānOriginally the hill of Jerusalem captured by David; in Scripture a poetic name for Jerusalem and for God's people.迦南CanaanJiānánThe land God promised to Abraham's descendants — the Promised Land Israel entered under Joshua.耶利哥JerichoYēlìgēAn ancient fortified city whose walls fell when Israel marched around it; the first city taken in the conquest of Canaan.
Concepts
福音GospelFúyīnLiterally "good news" — the message that God offers salvation through Jesus Christ. Also the name of the four New Testament accounts of Jesus' life.恩典GraceĒndiǎnGod's unearned favor and kindness toward people — the basis, in Christian teaching, of salvation as a gift rather than a reward.约CovenantYuēA binding agreement between God and his people; the Bible is structured around the Old and New Covenants.弥赛亚MessiahMísàiyàHebrew for "anointed one" (Greek: Christ) — the promised deliverer of Israel, identified in the New Testament as Jesus.救恩SalvationJiù'ēnDeliverance from sin and its consequences — in Christian teaching, the rescue God offers through faith in Jesus.罪SinZuìWrongdoing that separates people from God — falling short of his standard, which the Bible says affects everyone.十字架The CrossShízìjiàThe Roman instrument of execution on which Jesus died; the central symbol of Christianity and of God's saving love.逾越节PassoverYúyuèjiéThe Jewish festival remembering Israel's deliverance from Egypt; the setting of Jesus' Last Supper.安息日SabbathĀnxīrìThe weekly day of rest commanded by God, modeled on his rest after creation.复活ResurrectionFùhuóRising from the dead — above all Jesus' rising on the third day, the cornerstone of Christian hope.
Groups
使徒ApostlesShǐtúThe messengers Jesus sent out — chiefly his twelve closest disciples — to found and lead the early church.先知ProphetXiānzhīOne who speaks for God, often calling people back to faithfulness and foretelling what is to come.法利赛人PhariseesFǎlìsàirénA strict Jewish religious party of Jesus' day, often shown clashing with him over the interpretation of the Law.